Art of making concrete



M. S'. WEAVER ART oF MAKING CONCRETE Mardi 5,

Filed Feb. 1v. 1926 Patented Mar. 5, 1929.y

MTEDSTMES ATEN-r oFFioE.

MARVIN s. WEAVER, or soUTi-IERN PI'NEs, NORTH CAROLINA. f

Ari-T or MAKING CONCRETE.

Appiicauonfaiea February 17, 19261.1,ser1a1 Naseem(` s This invention relates to the making of concrete and particularly to the treating of the concrete mixture with Water -While the mixture is settingv or hardening. y

The chief object of the 'invention is to provide for delivering Water into the interior oii' a mass or concrete mixture vplaced for setting, the Water permeating outward through the mass of mixture and delivery ot Water into the inass being,` made* While such outward permeation or flow proceeds.

lllTater-eonducting means will extend i'rein a source of water supply under pressure into the mixture inass which has been placed for setting, the part or parts of the conducting means Within the mass being` perforated or otherwise formed for permitting' movement of the Water outward into and through the mass. The Water may be in the forni oi liquid or vapor or steam. lf liquid or vapor, the temperature maybe suited to the Weather. During cold Weather, heated water and steain will prevent treezing.

ln the aceoinpairyinp,I drawings, y

Fig. l is a diagrammatic sectional. -levation showing arnold structure and Water delivery pipes leading; into the structure and to asource of Water supply under pressure;

Fig. 2 is ak horizontal section on theline 2 2 ot' Fig. l;

Fig. 3 is an upright section on the liner-3 3 oifliigzl. f

Referring; to the drawings, l) is an upright mold ior orniiug va eolumnwhich is to torni part ot a build ingv and D1 is a mold for iorm" ing a beam having):l one end joined to said eoluniu. D2 are ordinary reini'orcingI rods placed in the mold, l), and D ire ordinary rei nlorcing rods placed in the mold D1. Per- 'forated pipes E, are placed upright in the part of the column below the beam mold, D1. 'lhe upper ends oilI said pipes are connected by a pipe FB, which is connected to a delivery pipe F12, leading,V troni a source ol water supply, which may be a container in the torni et a. tank or boiler H. On the pipe i112, is a pump, l), 'for driving; Water to ard the pipe El. A pipe F3, conne t.; the lower ends ot the pipes E, and is eonnec ted with the return pipe lill, which leads to the tank or boiler H.

ln the beam mold are horizontal perforated pipes F. rlhese pipek also extend into the column mold. A pipe F1 is connected with the pipes, F, and with the pipe, E2. A return pipe F2 is conneeted with the pipes, F, and the return pipe, E".

Above the pipes, F, perforated pipes G, are

ph'laoledupright in the column mold, D. A delivery pipe G1 connects the upper ends ot the pipes, G, andleads to a souroe'otwater sup-y ply, which mayA be thetank or boiler,fH.v return pipe, G2, is joinedlto the lower ends ot the pipes, G, and leads to the soureeot water supply.

Above the pipes, G, is a beam mold,y Lin which' are perforated pipes Il, sii'uilar to the pipes F, and connected to thesouree ot" Water supply' by 'delivery y`and return pipes not shown. f l 7 v For the Control ol flow, anynuniber oi valves, J, maybe placed on `the'delivery pipes and the return pipes.; lli/*hein this column mold and the beam molds have been filled with the concrete mixture, preferably 'including Water, the Water is to be deliveredil'roni the container H, through the pipe, E2, andfpunip, Rinto thepipes E, F,G 'and I, the Water flow being varied as the setting oi the mixture inass progresses, the pressure being slight While the mixture is still sott and not adapted toresist` pressure exerted by the water in the perforated pipes, and the flou' beingap-r propriately regulated, ii the Water iiiijhe l `i forni ot hot liquid or is steain. Thus it is 'teef sible to keep the concrete mixture at a teinpern ature suited to nest physical and chemical aetion inthe concrete inany kind of Weather and to prevent freezing,` ot the 'concrete duringr'cold Weather. I if f It will be noted that tivo ysets `ot-upris'ht pipes are put into the column mold. That aids equaliaingf; pressure. lt highpio ivrere used, the water prt sure in the upper ind the lower parts oi the pipes would be unequal to an objectionable degree., the pressure in the lower ends ot the pipes being; excessive.

Couplings, C, allow detaehing the delivery and return pipes at the molds. Thus the pei1` orated pipes remain in the concrete and serve as reinforcing members, said pipes and the rods, D2, and D, together constituting` rein'oreing` means for the concrete. i

By trial I have found that, the end ot the setting period approaches, the Water pres-r sureniay be niuch increased.` I have also found by trial that giving the mixture this ample supply of Water during the greater part of the setting period causes greater and more unitorni hardening, and consequent strengthening of the Concrete, than can beattained by the ordinary means of slowly setting Withwater applied externally. In other liO Words, the superiori quality of the concrete obtained by my method amply compensates for the use of the mechanism required. Furthermore, by this method, any concrete job can be put through the setting period with practically no labor. When the Water connection has been made with the pipes in the molds, the job can be left to itself excepting for occasional adjustment of Water floivand heat, if heat is used. Columns, beams, pillars, abutments, slabs, paving, etc., may be thus Constructed Without the labor of external Water treatment and protection against premature drying. The use of heat will be advantageous, especially during cold weather. Thus concrete construction during cold Weather Will be facilitated. That Will tend toward continuous operation by builders and their employees.

Itwill be understood that if Water in the form of steam is used, there will be enough condensation in the mixture mass to provide liquid Water for permeating the mass.

I claim as my invention,

l. The herein described method of making a concrete structure, which method consists in mixing the constituents, including water, and placing the Wet mixture for setting and enclosing water conducting means in the mass thus formed, the conducting means having an inlet and an outlet, the conducting means permitting` lateral movement of Water, and then circulating heated Water through said conducting means, whereby Water permeates outward from the conducting means through said mass.

2. The herein described method of making a concrete structure, which method consists in mixing the constituents, including Water, and placing the Wet mixture for setting 'and then passing a heated Water stream into and out of the mass thus formed, and allowing water from said stream to `permeate said mass.

3. vThe herein described method of making a concrete structure, Which method consists in mixing the constituents, including Water, and placing them for setting and then circulating heated Water in the interior` of the mixture at different elevations and allowing said Water to permeate outward through the mixture. Y

l. In a concrete molding apparatus, the combination of retaining Walls forming a. chamber, and means extending through said chamber for conducting Water into, through and out of said chamber and permitting permeation toward said Walls, and piping oined to the inlet and outlet ends of said conducting means to form a flow circuit.

5. In a concrete molding apparatus, the combination of retaining walls, a perforated pipe between said Walls, aheating means, and piping intervening the heating means and the perforated pipe and a pump on said piping.

6. In a concrete molding apparatus, the combination of retaining Walls, aperforated pipe between said Walls, a heating means, piping intervening the heating means and the perforated pipe and communicating with the exterior, and flow-controlling means on the intervening pipinof.

7. ln a concrete molding apparatus, the combination of retaining walls, a Water receptacle in the space enclosed by said Walls and permitting flow toward said Walls, a pump, a heating means, and piping leading from the heating means and the pump to the receptacle.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name, this 12th dayof February, in the year one thousand nine hundred and twenty-six.

MARVIN S. WEAVER. 

